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Precision Graphite Solutions

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Graphel Carbon Products’ Blog Nationwide

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At Graphel Carbon Products, we know that you’re concerned about the latest industry trends and products worldwide. That’s why we have a blog about graphite and EDM solutions. Take a look through our articles down below to learn something new, then contact us with questions.

Your Supplier Choice Many Be As Important As Your Material Choice

Your organization spends hours working with suppliers to find the optimal balance of price and material grade. You negotiated, compromised, sent RFQ’s and placed PO’s. In the past, many companies didn’t communicate with their suppliers until the next order or delivery was needed.

Not anymore. Surveys tell us that the attitude toward supplier relationships has changed over the past decade. Companies are now realizing the importance of leveraging strategic relationships with their suppliers. In a poll taken in 2016, 63% of procurement professionals had improving collaboration with suppliers as one of their top KPIs for the year.

In today’s competitive market place, I would argue that on some occasions your supplier choice is as important, if not more important than your material choice.

Knowledge is Key

You may want to think of your suppliers as sources of information as well as sources of product. Most suppliers have knowledge of their competitor’s product as well as their own. Suppliers typically receive extensive product training and can be a great resource of new innovations in your industry. They are likely to be open to providing their own alternative solutions or products that could decrease your costs, increase your quality, or could provide new product innovations.

Compete with Innovation

Your suppliers are consistently innovating with both materials and processes. While some of these innovations may have reached your company, you don’t know what you don’t know. Take some time to ask questions about other processes or techniques that could save your company the headache of figuring it out on your own. Leveraging your supplier as a center of influence will provide you with information you may not have received as a transactional buyer.

As a center of influence, your suppliers will be able to keep you up to date on innovations that have occurred with other customers. This will allow you to leverage other organizations learning opportunities.

Strategic Relationships Create Value

Strategic relationships have the potential to create value for you in many ways. With a customer/supplier relationship the benefits can be both financial and strategic. In its most basic form, a strategic supplier could provide your company with volume discounts, ensure your deliveries arrive on time, and work with you to lower inventory costs.

It is important to realize that as your company grows, you become a larger part of your supplier’s revenue, and in doing so, the success of both companies become intertwined. This is the point where strategic value is jointly created. This value is created by sharing innovation or by jointly creating new ideas. In some cases, one party may financially assist a big growth move that could jointly impact both companies. Regardless of the way the value is created, a synergy is helpful to organic growth and can be fueled by factors outside of your company.

These are just three of the many reasons to reevaluate the relationship you have with your suppliers. Your supplier choice should be as important as your material choice. More and more companies are leveraging their supplier relationships to enhance competitiveness in an ever-growing marketplace

Understanding electrode parameters can improve EDM Efficiency

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Robert Fothergill, EDM Applications Specialist with Poco Graphite, recently published an article in Mold Making Technology discussing that understanding all the electrode parameters can improve EDM efficiency. I can’t agree more.

As discussed, sinker EDM machining technology has improved significantly over the years. These changes effect the processes and decisions an EDM machinist will face when running the machine. But, some performance factors remain the same even with the advanced technology:


• Machinability – a balance between easy to machine and resilient enough to withstand the machining process

• Metal Removal Rate – achieving the proper electrode material/work metal/application combination rate so the MRR can be maximized

• Wear Resistance – maximizing the electrode to produce and maintain detail related to its wear and machinability

• Surface Finish – surface finish is obtained with a combination of the proper electrode material, good conditions and appropriate power supply. The final surface will be a mirror image of the electrodes surface

• Material Cost – fabrication time, cutting time, labor and electrode wear are all factors that depend on the electrode material

By far, the electrode material used in the EDM process has a direct correlation to the performance and efficiency of the EDM burn. So, the electrode material must be matched to the application to guarantee success at the highest rate of productivity. Graphite grades, particle size, tensile strength, isotropy and uniform structure all are important considerations in material selection.

Unlike the other performance factors, material choice is a performance process you can directly control. You can chose to work only with quality materials that offer consistent profiles. While quality materials cost more, they eliminate the costs associated with inconsistency and machine wear.

I would also add that your relationship with your material provider should also be considered a performance factor. A relationship with a supplier can enhance your overall EDM efficiency. Consistent quality, reliable supply, reasonable price and proper advice are all tangible parts of your overall results.

Regardless of the machine that is being used, each of these performance factors will be impacted by the electrode material. Whether the job calls for a specific surface finish, electrode wear or MRR, a consistent effective electrode material is critical to achieving the desired result.

Consider particle size rather than density when choosing an EDM Graphite Material

Anyone who has ever purchased graphite materials knows that the physical properties of the material are important. You want to use the right product for the application. But in efforts to promote less expensive products, and compete on price, many distributors are focusing on the density of the material. They are presenting density as an indicator of enhanced quality. I would argue that particle size is by far more important than density when choosing the quality of a product.

All EDM Graphites are evaluated using the following physical properties:

• Particle Size
• Apparent Density
• Flexural and Compressive Strength

• Hardness
• Electrical Resistivity

EDM Graphite is made from petroleum coke, a manufactured carbon product. The petroleum coke is pulverized into small particles and mixed with a binder material and then isostaticallly pressed. A series of thermal treatments then convert the material to carbon and ultimately to graphite.

Graphites should not be compared only on density. Density is the mass per unit volume. In efforts to add density, some materials are pitch impregnated prior to the graphitizing process to produce greater density. Pitch is a complex mixture of polynuclear aromatics generally derived from the thermal treatment of coal tar or a petroleum tar. Although this adds density, it may cause erratic particle patterns within the graphite.

While the pitch adds density to EDM Graphite materials, it actually may cause issues:

• It leads to greater spark erosion, by promoting the breaking up of the particles within electrode material, causing the electrode to wear more quickly.

• It slows down the connectivity through the particles of the electrode, causing the burn to take longer, again using up the electrode causing consumption more quickly.

All materials, however, can be compared equally when it comes to particle size. Generally, the smaller the particle size, the better the mechanical properties, the finer the detail and slower the erosion. All one needs to do is have the material analyzed to see the particle size. The differences in particle size can be startling when examined at 100x magnification. Particle size is by far the best indicator of material quality. The smaller the particle size, the slower the electrode wear.

Graphite can also be compared on the uniformity of its microstructure. The more consistent the distribution of particles and porosity, the more even and predictable will be the electrode wear. Lesser graphites have inconsistent microstructure which may lead to inconsistent wear. This can occur between or even within batches. Better quality materials have more consistent and even microstructure, leading to more consistent and slower wear.

Since graphite is a porous material, density must be closely controlled. Generally, high density is preferable, but be sure to consider particle size and microstructure, when purchasing graphite for your application.

5 Reasons to Consider Copper Impregnated Graphite for Electrodes

Copper impregnated graphite is a material with the qualities of both graphite and copper. It is a graphite material manufactured with a controlled amount of interconnected porosity which is then infiltrated with copper by capillary action in a furnace.

Shops generally use copper to make electrodes when they have a need to provide a better surface finish and better flushing. They generally use graphite when they have a need to provide fine detail and a higher metal removal rate. Copper impregnated graphite is chosen for electrodes when qualities from both materials are warranted. A shop looking for a material that results in better surface finish and better flushing, while able to hold finer detail or provide a higher metal removal rate may find a copper-impregnated graphite to be a good choice.

Copper impregnated graphite offers the following features:

1. Increased electrical conductivity and mechanical strength

Electrical conductivity is the result of the movement of the electrically charged particles. In the case of the copper, a single valence electron moves with little resistance and causes a repelling reaction. Copper does not interact with carbon; the two elements are essentially immiscible. The copper is precipitated in ferrite, resulting in a hardening effect.

2. It is an electrode material with a low resistivity value that allows the maximization of the amount of energy.

Electrical resistance, is the total opposition to the passage of electrical current, or the flow of electrons. Resistance depends on current passing through. Copper impregnation reduces the graphite’s overall resistance, allow more energy to pass through more quickly.

3. Copper impregnated graphite offers the combined benefits of the ease of fabrication of graphite, and the burn stability and “safety” of copper.

Graphite is a material that is fairly easy to machine. Like carbon, graphite is a non-metallic substance with an extremely-high sublimation temperature which provides resistance to high- temperature arcs. It is a fine grain-sized material, and tends to have better erosion and wear performance. The impregnation of copper stabilizes the erosion and wear, producing burn safety.

4. Copper impregnated graphite can be used on carbide materials.

Carbide is extremely dense and is slow to machine. Carbide EDMing results in a higher wear ratio, and metal removal is slow. Electrodes made from copper impregnated graphite can be run in reverse polarity and high frequency allowing for the energy needed to burn carbide materials.

5. Copper impregnated graphite yields good surface finish.

Graphite and copper electrodes produce comparatively high surface roughness for the materials at higher values of pulse current. Copper impregnated graphite electrodes offer low values of surface roughness at high discharge current which yield good surface finish.

If you require the better finishes, impregnated graphites provide better finishes. Copper- impregnated grades also allow for stable machining when unfavorable conditions exist – such as poor flushing or when the operator is not very experienced with the application.

Copper impregnated graphite is a material with the qualities of both graphite and copper. It is a great alternative when qualities from both materials are warranted. It is when a shop needs an economical alternative requiring a good finish.

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5 Reasons to consider CFC Materials for Use in Vacuum Heat Treat Furnace Applications

Many of our customers are inquiring about the benefit of using CFC Materials in their Vacuum Furnace and other Heat Treat applications. While there are many benefits, from increased furnace capacity to quicker turnaround time, there are 5 main benefits that deserve attention:

1. CFC Materials provide High Strength while Light Weight
Thanks to their special fiber structure, CFC is very low weight and robust, especially when it comes to the behavior of fracture and mechanical resistance. Racks and workpieces made of CFC are 8 to 10 times lighter than classical racks. Consequently, they facilitate processes and working cycles and even contribute to the prevention of accidents. With high strength and low weight, CFC jig assemblies are used for vacuum heat treatment and brazing of turbine blades, oil coolers, stainless steel brazing and sintering.

2. Increased Furnace Productivity
CFC is optimally suitable for use in most vacuum furnaces. With the customary temperatures in vacuum furnaces, CFC does not react with process gases such as nitrogen and argon, which decreases cooling time. CFC offers increased productivity and energy savings due to a low thermal mass. Modular systems enable custom-built charging elements quickly and economically for nearly every task. These advantages play a key role since they enable expansion of production with unchanged facility size.

3. Long Service Life
CFC simply pays off. It provides obvious and calculable advantages even at a higher initial price. They enable shorter cycle times with significantly longer service life, are up to ten times lighter than steel racks and do not distort at all. Their high thermal shock resistance ensures a long service life and thus plannable processes and cycles. This makes handling easier and reduces the amount of work involved because it eliminates the straightening work on distorted racks and ensures continuous production.

4. Energy Efficiency
Although its heat absorbing capacity is 2.5 times higher than that of metal, CFC provides a significantly better energy balance than all comparable materials because of its extremely low density. For high-temperature applications this means reduced heating and cooling times as well as less energy demand.

5. Distortion Resistance
Due to its molecular structure, which has almost no tendency to move even at the highest temperatures, CFC is extremely distortion-resistant. It maintains its’ shape which is unchanged even after thousands of uses. It reaches its’ highest stability at temperatures of about 1800° C. Its’ expansion on 1 meter tends to zero at 1000° C. A comparable metal rack expands by about 1.1 cm (approx. 1/2″). The very low expansion coefficient is one of the most important advantages of CFC and graphite.

It is becoming clear that CFC Materials are great alternatives to traditional materials for use in high temperature heat treat applications. From cost savings to increased overall efficiency, the materials offer an attractive alternative.

The Skills Gap May Be the Biggest Opportunity of a Generation

The manufacturing industry of a country is directly proportional to its gross domestic product (GDP). In the US, every dollar spent on manufacturing contributes $1.32 to the economy, and manufacturing supports more than 17 million workers.

Over the next decade, the US manufacturing industry is facing a serious crisis, the skills gap. More than 3.5 million jobs will need to be staffed with 2.7 million manufacturing workers retiring. With the skills gap growing larger, it is presenting several groundbreaking manufacturing opportunities.

With 40% of the students who begin a 4 year college program not finishing, and the mounting college debt crisis, it is prime time for our society to start embracing the value of vocational education.  We have spent a generation telling our children that everyone should go to college…..that only a college education will allow you to reach your maximum potential.

But what exactly is maximum potential? Is it graduating from a 4 year university with a degree in Liberal Arts and $80k in debt, only to find a $15 an hour job, so you have live at home with your parents?  Or is it a 2 year vocational degree, graduating with no debt that allows you to get a job, that may start out at $15 per hour, but has the potential to earn $80k per year after paying your dues and earning some seniority?

We, as a collective, have to start placing a higher value on the creators in our society.  People that use their hands as well as their minds to produce a tangible.  We have spent the last decade convincing ourselves that the only jobs worth pursuing were those which created no tangibles……financial services, hospitality, medical, etc.

But for our country to continue to be the leader in the world, we have to start making things again.  We can’t go on exporting technology in exchange for goods and continue to grow.  I believe we have to start placing higher value on those items that we make. And that means we may have to pay a little more.

So, this skills gap presents the opportunity of a generation.  We have a need to fill 3.5 million jobs over the next decade, and we have an emerging generation of young minds who need careers.  We just need to communicate the value to society these jobs entail.  Making things is important.  Creators are important.  Tangibles are important.

Every Day Should Be Manufacturing Day

american manufacturing

This past October 7th was National Manufacturing Day, 2016.   A day set aside as a celebration of modern manufacturing, meant to inspire the next generation of manufacturers.  Although Manufacturing Day officially occurs on the first Friday of October, I think that every day should be National Manufacturing Day.

Do you remember when you had shop class in Jr. High or High school?  It was a chance to work with your hands and create something.  And, it was a break from abstract book study and allowed you to work with materials and think outside the box.  It also showed kids how an idea could become a commodity they could sell, and showed them that their ideas could become reality.

With US Manufacturing being the cornerstone of our economy…and around the globe for that matter, I think the time has come for us in the manufacturing business to start lobbying for the re-emergence of vocational training in our high school systems.

Today:

  • Manufacturing supports more than 17.4 million jobs
  • For every $1.00 spent in manufacturing, $1.48 is put into the economy
  • Nearly 12% of the nation’s GDP is from manufacturing

Viewing vocational programs as second rate is one of the most corrosive problems in education today.  In the real world, our communities and economies depend on an enormous diversity of talents, roles and occupations.  The work of electricians, carpenters, mechanics, engineers and even hair stylists is vital to the quality of all of our lives.

Due to standardized testing, our school’s priorities have shifted to focus on college readiness, and vocational programs have taken a back seat.  I think this is doing a tremendous disservice to our kids and our economy.

Not everyone needs to go to college.   In fact, almost 40% of the students who begin a 4 year college program don’t finish. With the mounting college debt crisis, and increasing skills gap in placing qualified people for manufacturing, I think it’s time for our society to change its views on college. And it is up to us in manufacturing to lead the charge.  We need to encourage kids to make balanced career choices.

I think every day should be Manufacturing Day.

Perception is Reality when it comes to Manufacturing Quality

perception

Modern manufacturing has come a long way in employing rigorous quality initiatives, but when a defective part slips past the quality initiatives, customer perception can make the situation go from bad to worse very quickly.

It isn’t always easy to get quality right given the current manufacturing environment. Shorter delivery times, increasing competition and elevated customer expectations; it is no wonder that quality is once again front and center.

Customer expectations matter, more so than ever. The new view of quality has expanded. Quality has always had two sides one could argue: actual quality and perceived quality. Often the latter takes longer to detect and is harder to change, so manufacturers concentrate on real quality. Actual or “real” quality is what most manufacturers have focused on using a parade of alphabet soup approaches like TQM, SPC and Lean Six Sigma.

Perceptual quality analyzes customer sentiment with customer “listening posts” to gather and evaluate perceptions of the brand, product or service. It then allows the manufacturer to analyze and define potential drivers of the perceptions and suggest alternatives to address the problem and the perceptions.

The equalizer of these two measures is managing customer expectations. A company can integrate these measures by communicating in advance the expectation of the quality at the beginning of the process. Where does this tolerance really need to be? What is the real delivery date? How many parts do you really need on a specific date?

Perceived quality comes into play when all expectations are not met. Often a product that is not delivered as expected lacks quality in the customers mind.

What will take organizations into higher elevations of customer satisfaction and perceived quality? A comprehensive approach to customer-driven quality for both real and perceived quality, all of which can be implemented with readily available information technology:
• An up-to-the-minute, unified view of all relevant data.
• Tools for collaborative, proactive analysis and action.
• Availability of knowledge to all stakeholders.

Today’s organizations need a single, integrated version of the truth that spans the organization’s processes – from inputs to outputs, ideally from upstream suppliers to downstream customers. They need a way to not only assess what was, but predict what will be. And they need a way to share these insights across organizational and functional boundaries. Companies must realize that quality is not just a necessary manufacturing program but is, in the end, all about the customer.

Customer Service is important for all Departments

Customer-service

In today’s social media environment, an organization needs to include in their mission statement that all who work for the company are a part of their customer service team. Every department and every person should understand how they are serving the customer, or servicing someone who is serving customers.

We are all aware of the critical nature of customer service. Customer service is important for all departments, and should not be limited to one department. In our business, our core customer service department often needs the help of other departments. Unless other departments realize the significance of customer service, it would be tough for them to provide the world class service required to keep our customers happy. No company can survive without customer service, so it makes sense that every person in the company has a customer service responsibility. In fact, customer service is mentioned in every person’s job description within our company.

After all, departments like engineering and quality are in fact doing internal customer service every day when they support the customer service team and others within the organization. Much of their work is designed for customer use, which means they have a huge impact on the overall customer experience as well.

A company that embraces an overall culture and focus of customer service is able to consistently provide high levels of service, which in turn will ensure repeat business from customers, high praise through social media and referrals as well. Making customer service key to every department will always have its benefits and pay rich dividends over time and for long term growth.

Customer service is not an easy job – in fact is it perhaps one of the most challenging and stressful jobs within an organization. Managing orders, needs, personalities and problems is never easy. All departments must appreciate the demands of customer service to ensure the customer receives all the support they need. Keeping the customer happy is everyone’s job.

6 Time Management Tips for a Growing Company

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In today’s workplace, there is more demand on us than ever before. We have to accomplish more in less time, with fewer resources. This puts a lot of pressure on us to be able to manage our time more efficiently so we can get more done, be less stressed and have a feeling of accomplishment. If we aren’t doing a great job of managing our time, then we probably aren’t able to deliver projects on time. In order to help us better manage your time, here are six valuable tips below:

1. Start with a list of easy tasks that can be completed quickly. By organizing a list of easier tasks first, you can get the smaller projects out of the way and give more of your attention and effort to the bigger projects. Also by doing this, you won’t have to worry about those smaller tasks that could end up getting in the way of the ones that really matter to you and your organization.

2. Break a large task into smaller tasks. Sometimes it’s hard to know where to start when you have a major project to complete. To confront this, you should take that project and break it down into a few smaller tasks that you can do without much stress.

3. Start creating your to-do list for tomorrow, today. Before you go home from work, the last thing you should do is to create a list of things you need to do for tomorrow. This way, when you head into work tomorrow, you are ready to go!

4. Use a calendar to keep track of everything. I use my calendar to run my life, I put everything in there. If there’s someone I know I should call in two months, I’ll mark down the call. This makes life much easier and you end up not forgetting anything, making you more efficient.

5. Ignore distractions as best as you can. There are so many things that can get you off-track. You get phone calls or instant messages, or emails to distract you. Try to ignore as many distractions as possible and stay focused on completing your to-do list. Consider blocking off a half hour each day to focus on the distractions.

6. Try not to multitask if you can. We all try to do multiple projects at once and end up not getting anything done at all. Research shows that multi-tasking actually decreases productivity. If you focus on each individual task separately, you will be more effective in all that you do.

In today’s challenging business climate, time management is essential. There is more demand on us than ever before.

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